{
 "features_resolved": {
  "snapshot_any": true,
  "snapshot_mem": false,
  "fork": true,
  "pause_resume": true,
  "persistent_disk": true,
  "whole_disk": null,
  "persist_scope": null,
  "volumes": true,
  "auto_stop_idle": false,
  "long_sessions": true,
  "custom_image": true,
  "image_snapshot": true,
  "image_oci": true,
  "vm_isolation": true,
  "docker_inside": true,
  "nested_virt": false,
  "root": true,
  "systemd": true,
  "browser": false,
  "desktop": false,
  "computer_use": false,
  "code_interpreter": false,
  "browser_control": null,
  "desktop_control": null,
  "browser_and_desktop": false,
  "anti_bot": false,
  "captcha_solving": false,
  "residential_ip": false,
  "agent_harnesses": false,
  "ssh": true,
  "public_ipv4": true,
  "inbound_https": false,
  "custom_domain": true,
  "raw_tcp_inbound": true,
  "egress_allowlist": true,
  "open_internet": true,
  "static_egress_ip": true,
  "private_network": true,
  "self_host": false,
  "byoc": false,
  "open_source": false,
  "soc2": true,
  "hipaa": true,
  "sso": true,
  "gpu": true,
  "arm64": true,
  "windows": false,
  "macos": false,
  "lang_python": false,
  "lang_node": false,
  "lang_go": null,
  "lang_rust": null,
  "lang_java": null,
  "gpu_desktop": null,
  "credential_injection": null,
  "egress_http_rules": true,
  "wake_on_request": false,
  "live_resize": false,
  "fork_running": true,
  "memory_snapshot_fork": false,
  "webhooks": false,
  "scheduled_wakeups": null,
  "audit_logs": true,
  "eu_data_residency": true,
  "zero_data_retention": null,
  "scoped_api_keys": null,
  "spend_limits": false,
  "mcp_server": false,
  "usage_api": true,
  "snapshot_auto": false,
  "snapshot_on_demand": true,
  "harness_api": false,
  "own_agent_api": false,
  "fast_boot": null,
  "strong_isolation": true,
  "ingress_rules": true,
  "guest_firewall": true,
  "secret_proxy": false,
  "secret_proxy_any": false,
  "volume_attach": true,
  "volume_shared": true,
  "sidecar": null,
  "fuse": true,
  "kernel_features": true,
  "burst": null
 },
 "company": {
  "id": "gcp-compute",
  "checked": "2026-09-30",
  "company": "Google LLC (Google Cloud Platform), a subsidiary of Alphabet Inc.",
  "ownership": {
   "value": "public",
   "parent": "Alphabet Inc.",
   "source": "https://abc.xyz/investor/",
   "quote": "Google Cloud Platform (Compute Engine) is a product of Google LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Alphabet Inc., a publicly traded company (NASDAQ: GOOGL/GOOG)."
  },
  "stage": {
   "value": "public",
   "source": "https://abc.xyz/investor/",
   "quote": "Alphabet Inc. is listed on NASDAQ under GOOGL and GOOG.",
   "confidence": "high",
   "note": "Google Compute Engine is a product line within Google Cloud, a segment of publicly traded Alphabet Inc.; not independently funded."
  },
  "accelerators": [],
  "total_funding_usd": {
   "value": null,
   "status": "unknown"
  },
  "last_round": {
   "type": null,
   "amount_usd": null,
   "date": null,
   "leads": [],
   "status": "unknown",
   "source": "",
   "quote": ""
  },
  "investors": [],
  "portfolio_listings": [],
  "revenue": {
   "value_usd": 350018000000,
   "kind": "annual revenue",
   "as_of": "2024",
   "status": "confirmed",
   "basis": "Alphabet Inc. consolidated full-year 2024 revenue as reported in its 10-K/earnings release; Google Cloud segment (which includes Compute Engine) reported revenue of approximately $43.2 billion within this total. Figure is for the whole of Alphabet, not Compute Engine specifically.",
   "source": "https://abc.xyz/investor/",
   "quote": "Alphabet Inc. reported total revenues of $350.0 billion for the full year 2024, with Google Cloud revenues of $43.2 billion."
  },
  "employees": {
   "value": 183323,
   "source": "https://abc.xyz/investor/"
  },
  "note": "Google Compute Engine (GCE) is a product of Google Cloud Platform, itself a segment of Alphabet Inc., a public company (NASDAQ: GOOGL). It is not independently funded and has no separate funding history, accelerator participation, or standalone revenue disclosure; only Alphabet-wide and Google Cloud segment revenue are publicly reported."
 },
 "id": "gcp-compute",
 "name": "Google Compute Engine (Linux VMs)",
 "url": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
 "category": "hyperscaler",
 "isolation": "vm",
 "modes": [
  {
   "os": [
    "linux"
   ],
   "regions": [
    "us",
    "eu",
    "asia",
    "other"
   ],
   "gpu_only": false,
   "features": {
    "arm64": false
   },
   "product_class": "vm",
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "vcpu_h": null,
   "ram_gib_h": null,
   "cpu_basis": "alloc",
   "ram_basis": "alloc",
   "active_floor": 0,
   "ram_per_vcpu": [
    null,
    null
   ],
   "ram_fixed_per_vcpu": null,
   "vcpu_options": null,
   "min_vcpu": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "pool_tiers": null,
   "requires_always_on": false,
   "always_on_month_per_instance": null,
   "commit_note": null,
   "min_billed_seconds": 60,
   "granularity_s": 1,
   "start_fee": 0,
   "boot_overhead_s": null,
   "multiplier": 1,
   "windows_vcpu_h": null,
   "gpu": null,
   "key": "on-demand",
   "label": "On-demand E2 / N2D / C3D (us-central1)",
   "flags": [],
   "sizes": [
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.181596,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.363192,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.726384,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-30",
     "vcpu": 30,
     "ram_gib": 120,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.36197,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-60",
     "vcpu": 60,
     "ram_gib": 240,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 2.72394,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-90",
     "vcpu": 90,
     "ram_gib": 360,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 4.08591,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-180",
     "vcpu": 180,
     "ram_gib": 720,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 8.17182,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-360",
     "vcpu": 360,
     "ram_gib": 1440,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 16.34364,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-2",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.06701142,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.13402284,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.26804568,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.53609136,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-32",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 128,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.07218272,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-2",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 2,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.04947024,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 4,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.09894048,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.19788096,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.39576192,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-32",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.79152384,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-2",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.084492,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.168984,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.337968,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.675936,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-32",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 128,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.351872,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-48",
     "vcpu": 48,
     "ram_gib": 192,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 2.027808,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-64",
     "vcpu": 64,
     "ram_gib": 256,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 2.703744,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-80",
     "vcpu": 80,
     "ram_gib": 320,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 3.37968,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-96",
     "vcpu": 96,
     "ram_gib": 384,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 4.055616,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-128",
     "vcpu": 128,
     "ram_gib": 512,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 5.407488,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-224",
     "vcpu": 224,
     "ram_gib": 896,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 9.463104,
     "month_cap": null
    }
   ],
   "note": "Predefined machine types, us-central1 on-demand (\"Default\") column of https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose (rendered 2026-09-28). Per-second billing after a 1-minute minimum. E2 = shared-core-free standard/highcpu; N2D/C3D = AMD. c3d-standard-8 listed as 16 GiB on the page but priced as 2x c3d-standard-4 and specced 32 GiB (Spot page) -> 32."
  },
  {
   "os": [
    "linux"
   ],
   "regions": [
    "us",
    "eu",
    "asia"
   ],
   "gpu_only": false,
   "features": {
    "arm64": true
   },
   "product_class": "vm",
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "vcpu_h": null,
   "ram_gib_h": null,
   "cpu_basis": "alloc",
   "ram_basis": "alloc",
   "active_floor": 0,
   "ram_per_vcpu": [
    null,
    null
   ],
   "ram_fixed_per_vcpu": null,
   "vcpu_options": null,
   "min_vcpu": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "pool_tiers": null,
   "requires_always_on": false,
   "always_on_month_per_instance": null,
   "commit_note": null,
   "min_billed_seconds": 60,
   "granularity_s": 1,
   "start_fee": 0,
   "boot_overhead_s": null,
   "multiplier": 1,
   "windows_vcpu_h": null,
   "gpu": null,
   "key": "on-demand-arm64",
   "label": "On-demand Tau T2A Arm (us-central1)",
   "flags": [],
   "sizes": [
    {
     "name": "t2a-standard-1",
     "vcpu": 1,
     "ram_gib": 4,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.0385,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "t2a-standard-2",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.077,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "t2a-standard-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.154,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "t2a-standard-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.308,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "t2a-standard-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.616,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "t2a-standard-32",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 128,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.232,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "t2a-standard-48",
     "vcpu": 48,
     "ram_gib": 192,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.848,
     "month_cap": null
    }
   ],
   "note": "Tau T2A (Ampere Altra) predefined types, us-central1 on-demand (https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose); T2A only in us-central1, us-east1, us-west1, asia-southeast1, europe-west4."
  },
  {
   "os": [
    "linux"
   ],
   "regions": [
    "us",
    "eu",
    "asia",
    "other"
   ],
   "gpu_only": false,
   "features": {
    "arm64": false
   },
   "product_class": "vm",
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "vcpu_h": null,
   "ram_gib_h": null,
   "cpu_basis": "alloc",
   "ram_basis": "alloc",
   "active_floor": 0,
   "ram_per_vcpu": [
    null,
    null
   ],
   "ram_fixed_per_vcpu": null,
   "vcpu_options": null,
   "min_vcpu": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "pool_tiers": null,
   "requires_always_on": false,
   "always_on_month_per_instance": null,
   "commit_note": null,
   "min_billed_seconds": 60,
   "granularity_s": 1,
   "start_fee": 0,
   "boot_overhead_s": null,
   "multiplier": 1,
   "windows_vcpu_h": null,
   "gpu": null,
   "key": "spot",
   "label": "Spot E2 / N2D / C3D (us-central1)",
   "flags": [
    "spot"
   ],
   "sizes": [
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.048728,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.097456,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.194912,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-30",
     "vcpu": 30,
     "ram_gib": 120,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.36546,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-60",
     "vcpu": 60,
     "ram_gib": 240,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.73092,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-90",
     "vcpu": 90,
     "ram_gib": 360,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.09638,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-180",
     "vcpu": 180,
     "ram_gib": 720,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 2.19276,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-360",
     "vcpu": 360,
     "ram_gib": 1440,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 4.38552,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-2",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.040212,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.080424,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.160848,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.321696,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-32",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 128,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.643392,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-2",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 2,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.029688,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 4,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.059376,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.118752,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.237504,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-32",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.475008,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-2",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.0453,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.0906,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.1812,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.3624,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-32",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 128,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.7248,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-48",
     "vcpu": 48,
     "ram_gib": 192,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.0872,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-64",
     "vcpu": 64,
     "ram_gib": 256,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.4496,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-80",
     "vcpu": 80,
     "ram_gib": 320,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.812,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-96",
     "vcpu": 96,
     "ram_gib": 384,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 2.1744,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-128",
     "vcpu": 128,
     "ram_gib": 512,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 2.8992,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-224",
     "vcpu": 224,
     "ram_gib": 896,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 5.0736,
     "month_cap": null
    }
   ],
   "note": "Current Spot pricing, us-central1 (https://cloud.google.com/spot-vms/pricing, rendered 2026-09-28). Spot prices are dynamic: the Compute Engine pricing page says they can change up to once every day (the Spot VMs page said up to once every 30 days); VMs can be preempted at any time with 30 s notice."
  },
  {
   "os": [
    "linux"
   ],
   "regions": [
    "us",
    "eu",
    "asia"
   ],
   "gpu_only": false,
   "features": {
    "arm64": true
   },
   "product_class": "vm",
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "vcpu_h": null,
   "ram_gib_h": null,
   "cpu_basis": "alloc",
   "ram_basis": "alloc",
   "active_floor": 0,
   "ram_per_vcpu": [
    null,
    null
   ],
   "ram_fixed_per_vcpu": null,
   "vcpu_options": null,
   "min_vcpu": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "pool_tiers": null,
   "requires_always_on": false,
   "always_on_month_per_instance": null,
   "commit_note": null,
   "min_billed_seconds": 60,
   "granularity_s": 1,
   "start_fee": 0,
   "boot_overhead_s": null,
   "multiplier": 1,
   "windows_vcpu_h": null,
   "gpu": null,
   "key": "spot-arm64",
   "label": "Spot Tau T2A Arm (us-central1)",
   "flags": [
    "spot"
   ],
   "sizes": [
    {
     "name": "t2a-standard-1",
     "vcpu": 1,
     "ram_gib": 4,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.0231,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "t2a-standard-2",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.0462,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "t2a-standard-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.0924,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "t2a-standard-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.1848,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "t2a-standard-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.3696,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "t2a-standard-32",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 128,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.7392,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "t2a-standard-48",
     "vcpu": 48,
     "ram_gib": 192,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.1088,
     "month_cap": null
    }
   ],
   "note": "Current Spot pricing for T2A, us-central1 (https://cloud.google.com/spot-vms/pricing)."
  },
  {
   "os": [
    "linux"
   ],
   "regions": [
    "us",
    "eu",
    "asia",
    "other"
   ],
   "gpu_only": false,
   "features": {
    "arm64": false
   },
   "product_class": "vm",
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "vcpu_h": null,
   "ram_gib_h": null,
   "cpu_basis": "alloc",
   "ram_basis": "alloc",
   "active_floor": 0,
   "ram_per_vcpu": [
    null,
    null
   ],
   "ram_fixed_per_vcpu": null,
   "vcpu_options": null,
   "min_vcpu": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "pool_tiers": null,
   "requires_always_on": true,
   "always_on_month_per_instance": null,
   "commit_note": "Committed hourly spend is billed for the whole term whether or not VMs run, so only priced for always-on instances.",
   "min_billed_seconds": 60,
   "granularity_s": 1,
   "start_fee": 0,
   "boot_overhead_s": null,
   "multiplier": 1,
   "windows_vcpu_h": null,
   "gpu": null,
   "key": "flex-cud-1y",
   "label": "Compute Flexible CUD 1-year (E2 / N2D / C3D)",
   "flags": [
    "commit"
   ],
   "commit_term": "1-year",
   "sizes": [
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.13074912,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.26149824,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.52299648,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-30",
     "vcpu": 30,
     "ram_gib": 120,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.9806184,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-60",
     "vcpu": 60,
     "ram_gib": 240,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.9612368,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-90",
     "vcpu": 90,
     "ram_gib": 360,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 2.9418552,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-180",
     "vcpu": 180,
     "ram_gib": 720,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 5.8837104,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-360",
     "vcpu": 360,
     "ram_gib": 1440,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 11.7674208,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-2",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.048248226,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.096496452,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.192992904,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.385985808,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-32",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 128,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.771971616,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-2",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 2,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.035618574,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 4,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.071237148,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.142474296,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.284948592,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-32",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.569897184,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-2",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.06083424,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.12166848,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.24333696,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.48667392,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-32",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 128,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.97334784,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-48",
     "vcpu": 48,
     "ram_gib": 192,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.46002176,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-64",
     "vcpu": 64,
     "ram_gib": 256,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.94669568,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-80",
     "vcpu": 80,
     "ram_gib": 320,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 2.4333696,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-96",
     "vcpu": 96,
     "ram_gib": 384,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 2.92004352,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-128",
     "vcpu": 128,
     "ram_gib": 512,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 3.89339136,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-224",
     "vcpu": 224,
     "ram_gib": 896,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 6.81343488,
     "month_cap": null
    }
   ],
   "note": "\"Compute Flexible CUD - 1 Year\" column, us-central1 (https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose). Spend-based commitment for 1 year."
  },
  {
   "os": [
    "linux"
   ],
   "regions": [
    "us",
    "eu",
    "asia",
    "other"
   ],
   "gpu_only": false,
   "features": {
    "arm64": false
   },
   "product_class": "vm",
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "vcpu_h": null,
   "ram_gib_h": null,
   "cpu_basis": "alloc",
   "ram_basis": "alloc",
   "active_floor": 0,
   "ram_per_vcpu": [
    null,
    null
   ],
   "ram_fixed_per_vcpu": null,
   "vcpu_options": null,
   "min_vcpu": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "pool_tiers": null,
   "requires_always_on": true,
   "always_on_month_per_instance": null,
   "commit_note": "Committed hourly spend is billed for the whole term whether or not VMs run, so only priced for always-on instances.",
   "min_billed_seconds": 60,
   "granularity_s": 1,
   "start_fee": 0,
   "boot_overhead_s": null,
   "multiplier": 1,
   "windows_vcpu_h": null,
   "gpu": null,
   "key": "flex-cud-3y",
   "label": "Compute Flexible CUD 3-year (E2 / N2D / C3D)",
   "flags": [
    "commit"
   ],
   "commit_term": "3-year",
   "sizes": [
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.09806184,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.19612368,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.39224736,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-30",
     "vcpu": 30,
     "ram_gib": 120,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.7354638,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-60",
     "vcpu": 60,
     "ram_gib": 240,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.4709276,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-90",
     "vcpu": 90,
     "ram_gib": 360,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 2.2063914,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-180",
     "vcpu": 180,
     "ram_gib": 720,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 4.4127828,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "c3d-standard-360",
     "vcpu": 360,
     "ram_gib": 1440,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 8.8255656,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-2",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.036186166,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.072372332,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.144744664,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.289489328,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-standard-32",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 128,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.578978656,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-2",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 2,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.02671393,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 4,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.05342786,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.10685572,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.21371144,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "e2-highcpu-32",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.42742288,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-2",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.04562568,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-4",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.09125136,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-8",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.18250272,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-16",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.36500544,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-32",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 128,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.73001088,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-48",
     "vcpu": 48,
     "ram_gib": 192,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.09501632,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-64",
     "vcpu": 64,
     "ram_gib": 256,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.46002176,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-80",
     "vcpu": 80,
     "ram_gib": 320,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.8250272,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-96",
     "vcpu": 96,
     "ram_gib": 384,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 2.19003264,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-128",
     "vcpu": 128,
     "ram_gib": 512,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 2.92004352,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "n2d-standard-224",
     "vcpu": 224,
     "ram_gib": 896,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 5.11007616,
     "month_cap": null
    }
   ],
   "note": "\"Compute Flexible CUD - 3 Year\" column, us-central1 (https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose)."
  }
 ],
 "storage": {
  "included_disk_gib": 0,
  "disk_gib_month": 0.1,
  "disk_billed_when_stopped": true,
  "snapshot_gib_month": 0.05,
  "paused_ram_billed": true
 },
 "network": {
  "egress_free_gib": 1,
  "egress_gib": 0.12,
  "ipv4_month": 3.65,
  "ipv4_available": true,
  "note": "The encoded 1 GiB free / $0.12 GiB represents Premium Tier North America internet egress. Standard Tier is a separate, cheaper mode and includes 200 GB/month free per eligible region, but is not encoded. Inter-zone traffic is $0.01/GiB and inter-region rates vary by source/destination.",
  "internet": {
   "default": "full"
  }
 },
 "plans": [
  {
   "name": "Pay-as-you-go billing account (no plan fee)",
   "fee": 0,
   "flags": [],
   "fee_is_credit": false,
   "included_usd": 0,
   "per_seat": 0,
   "concurrency": null,
   "max_session_h": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "sizes_allowed": null,
   "note": ""
  }
 ],
 "free": {
  "monthly_credit": 0,
  "one_time_credit": 300,
  "note": "Always Free includes one non-preemptible e2-micro VM per month in us-west1, us-central1 or us-east1, 30 GB-month standard persistent disk, and 1 GB outbound Premium Tier transfer from North America (excluding China/Australia destinations). This is a resource allowance, not a fungible dollar credit."
 },
 "price_expires": null,
 "features": {
  "linux": true,
  "windows": false,
  "macos": false,
  "arm64": true,
  "gpu": true,
  "gpu_types": [],
  "snapshot": "fs",
  "pause_resume": true,
  "fork": true,
  "persistent_disk": true,
  "volumes": true,
  "auto_stop_idle": false,
  "max_session_h": null,
  "custom_image": true,
  "docker_inside": true,
  "nested_virt": false,
  "root": true,
  "systemd": true,
  "browser": false,
  "desktop": false,
  "computer_use": false,
  "code_interpreter": false,
  "agent_harnesses": false,
  "ssh": true,
  "public_ipv4": true,
  "inbound_https": false,
  "custom_domain": true,
  "raw_tcp_inbound": true,
  "egress_allowlist": true,
  "static_egress_ip": true,
  "private_network": true,
  "self_host": false,
  "byoc": false,
  "open_source": false,
  "regions": [
   "us",
   "other",
   "eu",
   "asia"
  ],
  "soc2": true,
  "hipaa": true,
  "sso": true,
  "lang_python": false,
  "lang_node": false,
  "lang_go": null,
  "lang_rust": null,
  "lang_java": null,
  "gpu_desktop": null,
  "credential_injection": null,
  "egress_http_rules": true,
  "wake_on_request": false,
  "live_resize": false,
  "fork_running": true,
  "memory_snapshot_fork": false,
  "webhooks": false,
  "scheduled_wakeups": null,
  "audit_logs": true,
  "eu_data_residency": true,
  "zero_data_retention": null,
  "scoped_api_keys": null,
  "spend_limits": false,
  "mcp_server": false,
  "snapshot_auto": false,
  "snapshot_on_demand": true,
  "harness_api": false,
  "egress_allowlist_level": "both",
  "ingress_rules": true,
  "guest_firewall": true,
  "secret_proxy": false,
  "volume_attach": true,
  "volume_shared": true,
  "isolation": "qemu-kvm",
  "image_oci": true,
  "anti_bot": false,
  "captcha_solving": false,
  "egress_ip_type": "datacenter",
  "own_agent_api": false,
  "max_session_unlimited": true,
  "open_internet": true,
  "usage_api": true
 },
 "perf": {
  "cpu_runs_s": null,
  "cold_start_ms": null,
  "burst_tti_ms": null,
  "dax_s": null
 },
 "knobs": [],
 "caveats": [
  "DIY VM: you manage images, SSH, scaling and lifecycle; no sandbox API. Boot time not measured here (boot_overhead_s unset).",
  "All prices are us-central1 (Iowa), the default region of the official tables; other regions cost more. Predefined shapes only (custom machine types, N2/N4/C3/C4 and shared-core e2-micro/small/medium not encoded).",
  "Billed per second after a 1-minute minimum while RUNNING; a stopped VM bills only its disks. Boot disk not included in the machine price (balanced PD ~$0.10/GiB-month, carried in storage).",
  "Sustained-use discounts not modelled. Of the priced families only N2D is eligible (up to 20% for full-month use; N1 gets up to 30%); C3D, E2 and T2A get none. SUD docs (checked 2026-10-14): \"Sustained use discounts apply only to the machine series listed in the Eligible resources and discount percentages section\", which lists N1, N2, N2D, C2, M1, M2 and sole-tenant nodes.",
  "Suspended VMs keep billing memory (not vCPU) for up to 60 days, then go TERMINATED; disks and external IPs bill while they exist. Instance lifecycle docs (checked 2026-10-14): \"For memory usage, you incur charges when the compute instance is in the following states:\" RUNNING, PENDING_STOP, SUSPENDING, SUSPENDED. Encoded as paused_ram_billed=true.",
  "Disk, snapshot, egress and IPv4 rates copied from the gcp-windows card (same provider, verified 2026-09-28): balanced PD $0.10/GiB-month, standard snapshot $0.05/GiB-month, Premium Tier egress $0.12/GiB after 1 GiB, external IPv4 $0.005/h.",
  "nested_virt=false: every priced mode is E2 / N2D / C3D (AMD) or T2A (Arm); GCP docs exclude \"E2 VMs\", \"VMs powered by ARM processors\" and \"VMs powered by AMD processors except N4D\" from nested virtualization. Intel N2/C3/N4 etc. support it but are not priced here.",
  "Only a subset of machine families is encoded. Not encoded: N4/N4A/N4D/N2/N1/C4/C4A/C4D/C3, memory/compute/accelerator-optimized families, custom machine types, shared-core E2, sole-tenant, confidential VMs, reservations, Windows/RHEL/SLES image surcharges and GPUs (e.g. c4-standard-2, 2 vCPU/7 GiB, $0.096866/h in Iowa)."
 ],
 "sources": [
  "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
  "https://cloud.google.com/spot-vms/pricing",
  "https://cloud.google.com/compute/disks-image-pricing",
  "https://cloud.google.com/vpc/network-pricing",
  "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/nested-virtualization/overview",
  "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/instance-lifecycle",
  "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/sustained-use-discounts"
 ],
 "fleet": {
  "default_max_instances": null,
  "default_max_vcpu": null,
  "default_max_gpus": null,
  "raise": "ticket",
  "raise_time_days": null,
  "verification": "Paid billing account needed to request quota changes; established billing history can enable automatic GPU approval.",
  "tiers": null,
  "notes": "Per-region CPU and per-GPU-type quotas plus possible global CPU/GPU caps for new projects. No single universal fresh paid-account numeric value verified. Free Trial cannot raise quota. Quota is not a capacity reservation. Quota defaults vary by account/project and are adjusted in Cloud Quotas; API quotas refill per minute; bulk VM creation is limited to 20 requests/s and 10 simultaneous bulk operations.",
  "sources": [
   "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/resource-usage",
   "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/gpus/create-vm-with-gpus"
  ],
  "researched": "2026-09-28"
 },
 "audit_2026_09_29": {
  "applied": 2,
  "source": "checked against the provider's live pricing and docs pages",
  "reviewed": 3
 },
 "feature_evidence": {
  "snapshot_auto": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/suspend-resume-instance",
   "quote": "If you want to keep your Compute Engine instance around, but you don't want to incur charges for it when the instance isn't in use, then you can suspend the instance.",
   "note": "Suspend (memory saved) is a user-initiated operation; stopping a VM just keeps its persistent disks (that is persistent_disk). No idle auto-stop with state capture. Scheduled snapshot policies (periodic disk backups) exist but do not count.",
   "checked": "2026-09-29"
  },
  "snapshot_on_demand": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/disks/create-snapshots",
   "quote": "You can create snapshots from disks even while they are attached to running instances.",
   "note": "Disk-only (no memory). Disk snapshots restore to new disks / boot new VMs; machine images ('stores all the configuration, metadata, permissions, and data from multiple disks of a Compute Engine instance') clone whole VMs. Memory state only via suspend/resume of the same VM ('Suspending an instance preserves the instance and migrates the contents of the instance's memory to storage'), not forkable.",
   "checked": "2026-09-29"
  },
  "harness_api": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine ... virtual machines",
   "note": "Plain IaaS VM: no first-party API to drive a coding-agent harness inside the VM (only generic OS Login/SSH, guest attributes, startup scripts). Matches card's own feature_evidence entry for harness_api.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "egress_allowlist": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/firewall/docs/firewall-policies-rule-details",
   "quote": "A list of one or more destination domain names. For more information, including how domain names are converted to IP addresses, see FQDN objects .",
   "note": "VPC firewall rules / Cloud NGFW firewall policies: 'Each firewall rule applies to incoming (ingress) or outgoing (egress) connections' with IP/CIDR/port and deny-all egress possible; destination FQDN objects (domain level) in network firewall policies (Cloud NGFW, FQDN/geo/threat-intel objects are a paid NGFW Standard feature). Enforced by the VPC fabric outside the VM. Secure Web Proxy adds default-deny hostname/URL allowlists.",
   "checked": "2026-09-29",
   "level": "both"
  },
  "egress_http_rules": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/secure-web-proxy/docs/cel-matcher-language-reference",
   "quote": "Application attributes, described by ApplicationMatcher , apply to application attributes such as request headers, request method, and request path.",
   "note": "Secure Web Proxy (separate paid managed egress proxy; 'default deny-all setting that blocks all outbound traffic until you explicitly allow it') with TLS inspection for HTTPS. Clients use it as explicit proxy or via next-hop routing; pair with VPC egress deny rules so a root agent cannot bypass it.",
   "checked": "2026-09-29"
  },
  "ingress_rules": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/firewall/docs/firewalls",
   "quote": "Each firewall rule applies to incoming (ingress) or outgoing (egress) connections, not both.",
   "note": "VPC firewall rules / firewall policies with source CIDRs, tags, service accounts, FQDN/geo objects; VMs can be private (no external IP) behind IAP / load balancers.",
   "checked": "2026-09-29"
  },
  "guest_firewall": {
   "value": true,
   "source": null,
   "quote": null,
   "note": "Full KVM VM with root; nftables/iptables work in the guest.",
   "checked": "2026-09-29",
   "derived": true
  },
  "secret_proxy": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/secret-manager/docs/overview",
   "quote": "Secret Manager is a secrets and credential management service that lets you store and manage sensitive data such as API keys, usernames, passwords, certificates, and more.",
   "note": "Secrets are fetched into the VM (Secret Manager API, metadata-server service-account tokens). No first-party credential-injecting egress proxy for Compute Engine (Secure Web Proxy filters but does not inject credentials).",
   "checked": "2026-09-29"
  },
  "volume_attach": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/disks/add-persistent-disk",
   "quote": "This document explains how to create a blank, non-boot zonal Persistent Disk volume and attach it to your VM.",
   "note": "Extra Persistent Disk / Hyperdisk data volumes attach to a running or stopped VM (block storage).",
   "checked": "2026-09-29"
  },
  "volume_shared": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/disks/sharing-disks-between-vms",
   "quote": "With multi-writer mode , multiple instances can read and write to the same disk.",
   "note": "Persistent Disk / Hyperdisk read-only-many and multi-writer (READ_WRITE_MANY, same zone; needs a cluster-aware FS). Filestore managed NFS gives multi-reader/multi-writer shared filesystems; Cloud Storage FUSE bucket mounts also possible.",
   "checked": "2026-09-29"
  },
  "isolation": {
   "value": "qemu-kvm",
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/security/infrastructure/design",
   "quote": "we are the largest submitter of CVEs and security bug fixes for the Linux KVM hypervisor",
   "note": "Compute Engine VMs are full VMs isolated by Google's KVM-based hypervisor, not microVM/container/gVisor sandboxing (that's Cloud Run/App Engine).",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "image_oci": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/containers/deploying-containers",
   "quote": "You can use the Compute Engine API to manage your instances with containers.",
   "note": "GCE VMs can be created directly from a container image (Container-Optimized OS / Deploy containers on VMs), pulling from Artifact Registry, Container Registry, or Docker Hub.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "anti_bot": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine lets you create and run virtual machines on Google infrastructure.",
   "note": "not offered: outside the product's scope",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "captcha_solving": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine lets you create and run virtual machines on Google infrastructure.",
   "note": "not offered: outside the product's scope",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "egress_ip_type": {
   "value": "datacenter",
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/ip-addresses",
   "quote": "An external IPv4 address (optional)",
   "note": "External IPs are standard Google Cloud datacenter IP ranges (ephemeral or reserved static); no residential/mobile IP product exists for Compute Engine.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "wake_on_request": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine lets you create and run virtual machines on Google infrastructure.",
   "note": "not offered: outside the product's scope; a stopped GCE VM stays stopped until explicitly started (via API/console/instance schedule), unlike serverless products such as Cloud Run",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "live_resize": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/changing-machine-type-of-stopped-instance",
   "quote": "You can only change the machine type of a stopped VM.",
   "note": "CPU/RAM (machine type) can only be changed while the VM is stopped, not live on a running instance.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "own_agent_api": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine lets you create and run virtual machines on Google infrastructure.",
   "note": "not offered: outside the product's scope; plain IaaS VM, no first-party browser/computer-use/research agent API",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "mcp_server": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/ai-machine-learning/announcing-mcp-toolbox-for-databases",
   "quote": "MCP Toolbox for Databases",
   "note": "Google ships MCP servers/toolboxes for databases and some other Cloud products, but no first-party MCP server to control/manage Compute Engine VMs specifically.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "lang_python": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine lets you create and run virtual machines on Google infrastructure.",
   "note": "DIY VM: you choose/build the boot image; no managed runtime is bundled out of the box (unlike a sandbox/code-exec product) even though Python is trivially installable on most Linux images.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "lang_node": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine lets you create and run virtual machines on Google infrastructure.",
   "note": "DIY VM: you choose/build the boot image; Node.js is not preinstalled by default and must be installed by the user.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "max_session_h": {
   "value": "none",
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Predefined machine types, us-central1 on-demand",
   "note": "Standard (non-Spot) Compute Engine VMs run indefinitely until stopped by the user; there is no maximum session length. Spot/preemptible VMs can be preempted at any time but that's a separate pricing mode, not modeled here as the general max_session_h.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "fork": {
   "value": true,
   "corrected_from": false,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-images",
   "quote": "A machine image is a Compute Engine resource that stores all the configuration, metadata, permissions, and data from multiple disks of a Compute Engine instance. ... Instance cloning Yes",
   "note": "Compute Engine machine images explicitly support 'instance cloning': you create a machine image from a source instance's disks/metadata and use it to create new instances, i.e. fork a machine into new ones. persistent_disk/snapshot_on_demand=true already implies disk-level clone capability.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "fork_running": {
   "value": true,
   "corrected_from": false,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-images/create-machine-images",
   "quote": "compute.instances.useReadOnly on the source instance",
   "note": "Creating a machine image from an instance only requires read-only access to the source instance (no documented requirement to stop it first), so a running instance can be cloned without stopping it. Docs do recommend removing unique OS/app info first for clean cloning, but that's a best practice, not a running->stop requirement.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "memory_snapshot_fork": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/suspend-resume-instance",
   "quote": "Suspending an instance preserves the instance and migrates the contents of the instance's memory to storage.",
   "note": "Memory state is only preserved via suspend/resume of the SAME instance, not carried into cloned machine images/new instances (which cover disks, not RAM/process state). So clones (fork) do not include running memory -> memory_snapshot_fork stays false.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "nested_virt": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/nested-virtualization/overview",
   "quote": "L1 VMs have the following restrictions: ... You can't use the following VMs: E2 VMs ... VMs powered by ARM processors VMs powered by AMD processors except N4D which does support nested virtualization",
   "note": "Every machine family priced on this card (E2, N2D, C3D, T2A) is explicitly excluded from nested virtualization support by GCP's own docs.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "desktop": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine ... virtual machines",
   "note": "not offered: outside the product's scope. Compute Engine is a raw IaaS VM product (DIY OS/SSH); no first-party managed desktop/VNC/RDP streaming service.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "browser": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine ... virtual machines",
   "note": "not offered: outside the product's scope. No first-party managed browser; a customer could install one themselves, but Compute Engine doesn't ship/manage one.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "computer_use": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine ... virtual machines",
   "note": "not offered: outside the product's scope. Plain IaaS VM, no screenshot/click driving API.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "auto_stop_idle": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/limit-vm-runtime",
   "quote": "You can limit the run time of an existing VM by updating the VM's schedule.",
   "note": "Compute Engine only offers a fixed max-runtime/schedule (stop at a set time) and advisory 'idle VM recommendations' (a human must review and act); there is no automatic stop-when-idle trigger built into the VM lifecycle.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "inbound_https": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/load-balancing/docs/https",
   "quote": "External Application Load Balancer overview",
   "note": "Compute Engine gives you a raw public IPv4/TCP endpoint; there is no automatic HTTPS URL for a VM's ports out of the box -- you must set up and configure Cloud Load Balancing/certs yourself, same convention used for aws-ec2 and azure-vm cards (both false).",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "agent_harnesses": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine ... virtual machines",
   "note": "not offered: outside the product's scope. No preinstalled coding-agent templates; you bring your own image/software.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "windows": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://docs.cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details",
   "quote": "Create a Windows Server VM",
   "note": "GCP Compute Engine does offer Windows Server VMs, but that is modeled separately as its own provider card (gcp-windows.json, 'Google Compute Engine (Windows Server)'); this card's modes are Linux-only ('os': ['linux']), so windows=false is correct for THIS card's modeled product.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "macos": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine ... virtual machines",
   "note": "Google Compute Engine has no macOS VM offering (no Apple hardware/hypervisor in GCP); outside the product's scope.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "self_host": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine ... virtual machines",
   "note": "Compute Engine is a proprietary managed Google Cloud service; you cannot run the Compute Engine control plane on your own infrastructure.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "byoc": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine ... virtual machines",
   "note": "Compute Engine only runs inside Google's own cloud/regions; it is not a managed service deployable into a customer's own cloud account.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "open_source": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/products/compute/pricing/general-purpose",
   "quote": "Compute Engine ... virtual machines",
   "note": "Compute Engine's control plane/hypervisor stack is closed-source proprietary Google infrastructure, not released under an OSI license.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "usage_api": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://cloud.google.com/billing/docs/how-to/export-data-bigquery",
   "quote": "To analyze Compute Engine costs by resource, you can export your billing data to BigQuery. The billing export table includes resource.name (the instance ID), resource.labels, and cost columns, allowing you to query usage and costs programmatically for each VM.",
   "note": "granularity: per-sandbox; cost: yes; Cloud Billing Export to BigQuery enables detailed per-resource billing queries via BigQuery REST API or gcloud CLI. Alternatively, Cloud Monitoring API provides real-time usage metrics by instance. Both methods support filtering by resource ID and custom labels.",
   "confidence": "high",
   "checked": "2026-10-01"
  }
 },
 "locations": [
  {
   "country": "US",
   "state": "IA",
   "city": "Council Bluffs",
   "provider_region": "us-central1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "US",
   "state": "SC",
   "city": "Moncks Corner",
   "provider_region": "us-east1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "US",
   "state": "VA",
   "city": "Ashburn",
   "provider_region": "us-east4",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "US",
   "state": "OH",
   "city": "Columbus",
   "provider_region": "us-east5",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "US",
   "state": "TX",
   "city": "Dallas",
   "provider_region": "us-south1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "US",
   "state": "OR",
   "city": "The Dalles",
   "provider_region": "us-west1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "US",
   "state": "CA",
   "city": "Los Angeles",
   "provider_region": "us-west2",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "US",
   "state": "UT",
   "city": "Salt Lake City",
   "provider_region": "us-west3",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "CA",
   "state": "QC",
   "city": "Montréal",
   "provider_region": "northamerica-northeast1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "CA",
   "state": "ON",
   "city": "Toronto",
   "provider_region": "northamerica-northeast2",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "MX",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Querétaro",
   "provider_region": "northamerica-south1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "BR",
   "state": null,
   "city": "São Paulo",
   "provider_region": "southamerica-east1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "CL",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Santiago",
   "provider_region": "southamerica-west1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "FI",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Hamina",
   "provider_region": "europe-north1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "SE",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Stockholm",
   "provider_region": "europe-north2",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "PL",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Warsaw",
   "provider_region": "europe-central2",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "ES",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Madrid",
   "provider_region": "europe-southwest1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "BE",
   "state": null,
   "city": "St. Ghislain",
   "provider_region": "europe-west1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "GB",
   "state": null,
   "city": "London",
   "provider_region": "europe-west2",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "DE",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Frankfurt",
   "provider_region": "europe-west3",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "NL",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Eemshaven",
   "provider_region": "europe-west4",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "CH",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Zurich",
   "provider_region": "europe-west6",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "IT",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Milan",
   "provider_region": "europe-west8",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "FR",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Paris",
   "provider_region": "europe-west9",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "DE",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Berlin",
   "provider_region": "europe-west10",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "IT",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Turin",
   "provider_region": "europe-west12",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "QA",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Doha",
   "provider_region": "me-central1",
   "self_serve": true,
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   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "IL",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Tel Aviv",
   "provider_region": "me-west1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "TW",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Changhua County",
   "provider_region": "asia-east1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "HK",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Hong Kong",
   "provider_region": "asia-east2",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
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   "state": null,
   "city": "Tokyo",
   "provider_region": "asia-northeast1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "JP",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Osaka",
   "provider_region": "asia-northeast2",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "KR",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Seoul",
   "provider_region": "asia-northeast3",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "IN",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Mumbai",
   "provider_region": "asia-south1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "IN",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Delhi",
   "provider_region": "asia-south2",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "SG",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Jurong West",
   "provider_region": "asia-southeast1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "ID",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Jakarta",
   "provider_region": "asia-southeast2",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "TH",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Bangkok",
   "provider_region": "asia-southeast3",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "AU",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Sydney",
   "provider_region": "australia-southeast1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "AU",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Melbourne",
   "provider_region": "australia-southeast2",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "ZA",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Johannesburg",
   "provider_region": "africa-south1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  }
 ],
 "locations_source": "https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/regions-zones",
 "locations_quote": "Compute Engine makes its resources available in multiple regions around the world. Regions are independent geographic areas that consist of zones.",
 "locations_checked": "2026-10-01"
}