{
 "features_resolved": {
  "snapshot_any": true,
  "snapshot_mem": false,
  "fork": true,
  "pause_resume": true,
  "persistent_disk": true,
  "whole_disk": null,
  "persist_scope": null,
  "volumes": true,
  "auto_stop_idle": false,
  "long_sessions": true,
  "custom_image": true,
  "image_snapshot": true,
  "image_oci": false,
  "vm_isolation": true,
  "docker_inside": true,
  "nested_virt": true,
  "root": true,
  "systemd": true,
  "browser": false,
  "desktop": false,
  "computer_use": false,
  "code_interpreter": false,
  "browser_control": null,
  "desktop_control": null,
  "browser_and_desktop": false,
  "anti_bot": false,
  "captcha_solving": false,
  "residential_ip": false,
  "agent_harnesses": false,
  "ssh": true,
  "public_ipv4": true,
  "inbound_https": false,
  "custom_domain": true,
  "raw_tcp_inbound": true,
  "egress_allowlist": true,
  "open_internet": null,
  "static_egress_ip": true,
  "private_network": true,
  "self_host": false,
  "byoc": false,
  "open_source": false,
  "soc2": true,
  "hipaa": true,
  "sso": true,
  "gpu": true,
  "arm64": true,
  "windows": true,
  "macos": false,
  "lang_python": false,
  "lang_node": false,
  "lang_go": null,
  "lang_rust": null,
  "lang_java": null,
  "gpu_desktop": false,
  "credential_injection": null,
  "egress_http_rules": false,
  "wake_on_request": false,
  "live_resize": false,
  "fork_running": true,
  "memory_snapshot_fork": false,
  "webhooks": null,
  "scheduled_wakeups": null,
  "audit_logs": null,
  "eu_data_residency": true,
  "zero_data_retention": null,
  "scoped_api_keys": null,
  "spend_limits": null,
  "mcp_server": true,
  "usage_api": true,
  "snapshot_auto": false,
  "snapshot_on_demand": true,
  "harness_api": false,
  "own_agent_api": false,
  "fast_boot": null,
  "strong_isolation": true,
  "ingress_rules": true,
  "guest_firewall": true,
  "secret_proxy": false,
  "secret_proxy_any": false,
  "volume_attach": true,
  "volume_shared": true,
  "sidecar": null,
  "fuse": true,
  "kernel_features": true,
  "burst": null
 },
 "company": {
  "id": "alibaba-ecs",
  "checked": "2026-09-30",
  "company": "Alibaba Group Holding Limited (Alibaba Cloud / Cloud Intelligence Group)",
  "ownership": {
   "value": "public",
   "parent": null,
   "source": "https://www.alibabagroup.com/document-1897714462505304064",
   "quote": "Alibaba Group Holding Limited (NYSE: BABA and HKEX: 9988 (HKD Counter) and 89988 (RMB Counter), \"Alibaba\" or \"Alibaba Group\")"
  },
  "stage": {
   "value": "public",
   "source": "https://www.alibabagroup.com/document-1897714462505304064",
   "quote": "Alibaba Group Holding Limited (NYSE: BABA and HKEX: 9988 ...)",
   "confidence": "high",
   "note": "Alibaba Group is a publicly listed multinational conglomerate (IPO 2014, NYSE + HKEX). Alibaba Cloud / Cloud Intelligence Group is an internal reporting segment, not a separately funded entity; ECS (Elastic Compute Service) is one of its products."
  },
  "accelerators": [],
  "total_funding_usd": {
   "value": null,
   "status": "unknown"
  },
  "last_round": {
   "type": "subsidiary",
   "amount_usd": 1000000000,
   "date": "2015-07",
   "leads": [
    "Alibaba Group (parent)"
   ],
   "status": "confirmed",
   "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alibaba_Cloud",
   "quote": "In July 2015, the Alibaba Group invested US$1 billion in Alibaba Cloud."
  },
  "investors": [
   "Alibaba Group Holding Limited (parent company)"
  ],
  "portfolio_listings": [],
  "revenue": {
   "value_usd": 18648000000,
   "kind": "annualized revenue (Cloud Intelligence Group segment, run-rate from latest quarter)",
   "as_of": "quarter ended 2025-06-30",
   "status": "confirmed",
   "basis": "Alibaba Group's quarterly SEC/HKEX-filed results for Cloud Intelligence Group segment; annualized = 4x the reported quarterly figure of US$4,662 million",
   "source": "https://data.alibabagroup.com/ecms-files/1532295521/d09dd487-1a87-4e17-aa5d-9eb4da7eb56b/Alibaba%20Group%20Announces%20June%20Quarter%202025%20Results.pdf",
   "quote": "Revenue from Cloud Intelligence Group was RMB33,398 million (US$4,662 million) in the quarter ended June 30, 2025, an increase of 26% compared to RMB26,549 million in the same quarter of 2024."
  },
  "employees": {
   "value": null,
   "source": ""
  },
  "note": "Alibaba Cloud (which sells the ECS product priced in the card) is not an independent company: it is the Cloud Intelligence Group operating segment of publicly traded Alibaba Group Holding Limited (NYSE: BABA, HKEX: 9988). It has no separate startup-style funding history; the parent invested US$1B into the cloud unit in 2015 to build out infrastructure. Segment revenue is growing fast (+26% YoY in the June 2025 quarter, driven by AI/GenAI demand) but is reported only as part of Alibaba Group's consolidated financials, so 'total funding raised' as a startup metric does not apply — buyers should treat this as a hyperscaler-backed offering with full corporate financial backing rather than judge it on typical startup funding/runway terms."
 },
 "id": "alibaba-ecs",
 "name": "Alibaba Cloud ECS International",
 "url": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/en/product/ecs/pricing",
 "category": "hyperscaler",
 "isolation": "vm",
 "modes": [
  {
   "key": "economy",
   "label": "economy",
   "flags": [],
   "os": [
    "linux"
   ],
   "regions": [
    "us"
   ],
   "gpu_only": false,
   "features": {},
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "vcpu_h": null,
   "ram_gib_h": null,
   "cpu_basis": "alloc",
   "ram_basis": "alloc",
   "active_floor": 0,
   "ram_per_vcpu": [
    null,
    null
   ],
   "ram_fixed_per_vcpu": null,
   "vcpu_options": null,
   "min_vcpu": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "sizes": [
    {
     "name": "ecs.e-c1m2.large",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 4,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.0281,
     "month_cap": null,
     "min_billed_seconds": 300
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.e-c1m2.xlarge",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.0838,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.e-c1m4.xlarge",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.1251,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.e-c1m2.2xlarge",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.1676,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.e-c1m4.2xlarge",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.2501,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.e-c1m1.large",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 2,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.0141,
     "month_cap": null,
     "min_billed_seconds": 300
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.e-c1m4.large",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.0625,
     "month_cap": null,
     "min_billed_seconds": 300
    }
   ],
   "pool_tiers": null,
   "requires_always_on": false,
   "always_on_month_per_instance": null,
   "commit_note": null,
   "min_billed_seconds": 120,
   "granularity_s": 1,
   "start_fee": null,
   "boot_overhead_s": null,
   "multiplier": 1,
   "windows_vcpu_h": 0.0058,
   "gpu": {},
   "note": "US East Virginia Linux original list rate, not discounted trade price. No monthly cap. 4+vCPU minimum 2 minutes per billing cycle; smaller sizes have longer minima. CPU credits/burst are separate for t6. Shared-CPU entry-level family (e): vCPUs are not dedicated (random hyper-thread scheduling), SLA covers availability but not performance.",
   "product_class": "vm"
  },
  {
   "key": "compute-c9i",
   "label": "compute-c9i",
   "flags": [],
   "os": [
    "linux"
   ],
   "regions": [
    "us"
   ],
   "gpu_only": false,
   "features": {},
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "vcpu_h": null,
   "ram_gib_h": null,
   "cpu_basis": "alloc",
   "ram_basis": "alloc",
   "active_floor": 0,
   "ram_per_vcpu": [
    null,
    null
   ],
   "ram_fixed_per_vcpu": null,
   "vcpu_options": null,
   "min_vcpu": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "sizes": [
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.large",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 4,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.0731,
     "month_cap": null,
     "min_billed_seconds": 300
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.xlarge",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.1463,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.2xlarge",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.2926,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.3xlarge",
     "vcpu": 12,
     "ram_gib": 24,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.4389,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.4xlarge",
     "vcpu": 16,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.5852,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.6xlarge",
     "vcpu": 24,
     "ram_gib": 48,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.8778,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.8xlarge",
     "vcpu": 32,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.1704,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.12xlarge",
     "vcpu": 48,
     "ram_gib": 96,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 1.7556,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.16xlarge",
     "vcpu": 64,
     "ram_gib": 128,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 2.3408,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.24xlarge",
     "vcpu": 96,
     "ram_gib": 192,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 3.5112,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.32xlarge",
     "vcpu": 128,
     "ram_gib": 256,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 4.6816,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.48xlarge",
     "vcpu": 192,
     "ram_gib": 384,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 7.3735,
     "month_cap": null
    }
   ],
   "pool_tiers": null,
   "requires_always_on": false,
   "always_on_month_per_instance": null,
   "commit_note": null,
   "min_billed_seconds": 120,
   "granularity_s": 1,
   "start_fee": null,
   "boot_overhead_s": null,
   "multiplier": 1,
   "windows_vcpu_h": 0.04,
   "gpu": {},
   "note": "US East Virginia Linux original list rate, not discounted trade price. No monthly cap. 4+vCPU minimum 2 minutes per billing cycle; smaller sizes have longer minima. CPU credits/burst are separate for t6.",
   "product_class": "vm"
  },
  {
   "key": "burstable-t6",
   "label": "burstable-t6",
   "flags": [
    "burstable"
   ],
   "os": [
    "linux"
   ],
   "regions": [
    "us"
   ],
   "gpu_only": false,
   "features": {},
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "vcpu_h": null,
   "ram_gib_h": null,
   "cpu_basis": "alloc",
   "ram_basis": "alloc",
   "active_floor": 0,
   "ram_per_vcpu": [
    null,
    null
   ],
   "ram_fixed_per_vcpu": null,
   "vcpu_options": null,
   "min_vcpu": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "sizes": [
    {
     "name": "ecs.t6-c1m4.xlarge",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.143,
     "month_cap": null
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.t6-c1m4.2xlarge",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 0.287,
     "month_cap": null
    }
   ],
   "pool_tiers": null,
   "requires_always_on": false,
   "always_on_month_per_instance": null,
   "commit_note": null,
   "min_billed_seconds": 120,
   "granularity_s": 1,
   "start_fee": null,
   "boot_overhead_s": null,
   "multiplier": 1,
   "windows_vcpu_h": null,
   "gpu": {},
   "note": "t6-c1m4.xlarge / 2xlarge: 40% average baseline CPU per vCPU (burstable-instance-types doc). Standard mode throttles to baseline once credits run out; unlimited mode bills surplus credits (price not modelled). US East Virginia Linux original list rate, not discounted trade price. No monthly cap. 4+vCPU minimum 2 minutes per billing cycle; smaller sizes have longer minima. CPU credits/burst are separate for t6.",
   "baseline_pct": 40,
   "product_class": "vm"
  },
  {
   "key": "subscription-month",
   "label": "Monthly subscription",
   "flags": [],
   "os": [
    "linux"
   ],
   "regions": [
    "us"
   ],
   "gpu_only": false,
   "features": {},
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "vcpu_h": null,
   "ram_gib_h": null,
   "cpu_basis": "alloc",
   "ram_basis": "alloc",
   "active_floor": 0,
   "ram_per_vcpu": [
    null,
    null
   ],
   "ram_fixed_per_vcpu": null,
   "vcpu_options": null,
   "min_vcpu": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "sizes": [
    {
     "name": "ecs.e-c1m2.large",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 4,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 12.96,
     "month_cap": 12.96
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.large",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 4,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 38.33,
     "month_cap": 38.33
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.e-c1m2.xlarge",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 38.54,
     "month_cap": 38.54
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.xlarge",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 76.67,
     "month_cap": 76.67
    }
   ],
   "pool_tiers": null,
   "requires_always_on": false,
   "always_on_month_per_instance": null,
   "commit_note": "1 month prepaid",
   "min_billed_seconds": 3600,
   "granularity_s": 3600,
   "start_fee": null,
   "boot_overhead_s": null,
   "multiplier": 1,
   "windows_vcpu_h": null,
   "gpu": {},
   "note": "Estimator-only encoding: sizes.hour and month_cap both equal full monthly rent, with a one-hour synthetic minimum. This is NOT a vendor hourly tariff. For valid workloads with sessions >= peak concurrency it charges one monthly rental per concurrent machine, including off-hours. Setup/term cash outlays are caveated separately.",
   "product_class": "vm"
  },
  {
   "key": "subscription-year-promo",
   "label": "One-year subscription, observed trade discount",
   "flags": [
    "sales"
   ],
   "os": [
    "linux"
   ],
   "regions": [
    "us"
   ],
   "gpu_only": false,
   "features": {},
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "vcpu_h": null,
   "ram_gib_h": null,
   "cpu_basis": "alloc",
   "ram_basis": "alloc",
   "active_floor": 0,
   "ram_per_vcpu": [
    null,
    null
   ],
   "ram_fixed_per_vcpu": null,
   "vcpu_options": null,
   "min_vcpu": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "sizes": [
    {
     "name": "ecs.e-c1m2.xlarge",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 32.76,
     "month_cap": 32.76
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9i.xlarge",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "disk_gib": 0,
     "hour": 63.63166666666667,
     "month_cap": 63.63166666666667
    }
   ],
   "pool_tiers": null,
   "requires_always_on": false,
   "always_on_month_per_instance": null,
   "commit_note": "12 months prepaid; promotional trade price, not guaranteed renewal rate",
   "min_billed_seconds": 3600,
   "granularity_s": 3600,
   "start_fee": null,
   "boot_overhead_s": null,
   "multiplier": 1,
   "windows_vcpu_h": null,
   "gpu": {},
   "note": "Estimator-only encoding: sizes.hour and month_cap both equal full monthly rent, with a one-hour synthetic minimum. This is NOT a vendor hourly tariff. For valid workloads with sessions >= peak concurrency it charges one monthly rental per concurrent machine, including off-hours. Setup/term cash outlays are caveated separately.",
   "product_class": "vm"
  },
  {
   "key": "spot",
   "label": "Spot instances",
   "flags": [
    "spot"
   ],
   "os": [
    "linux"
   ],
   "regions": [
    "us"
   ],
   "gpu_only": false,
   "features": {},
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "vcpu_h": null,
   "ram_gib_h": null,
   "cpu_basis": "alloc",
   "ram_basis": "alloc",
   "active_floor": 0,
   "ram_per_vcpu": [
    null,
    null
   ],
   "ram_fixed_per_vcpu": null,
   "vcpu_options": null,
   "min_vcpu": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "sizes": [],
   "pool_tiers": null,
   "requires_always_on": false,
   "always_on_month_per_instance": null,
   "commit_note": null,
   "min_billed_seconds": null,
   "granularity_s": 1,
   "start_fee": null,
   "boot_overhead_s": null,
   "multiplier": 1,
   "windows_vcpu_h": null,
   "gpu": {},
   "note": "Market-dependent price and interruption policy; no static discount invented.",
   "product_class": "vm"
  },
  {
   "key": "reserved-savings",
   "label": "Reserved instances / savings plans",
   "flags": [
    "sales"
   ],
   "os": [
    "linux"
   ],
   "regions": [
    "us"
   ],
   "gpu_only": false,
   "features": {},
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "vcpu_h": null,
   "ram_gib_h": null,
   "cpu_basis": "alloc",
   "ram_basis": "alloc",
   "active_floor": 0,
   "ram_per_vcpu": [
    null,
    null
   ],
   "ram_fixed_per_vcpu": null,
   "vcpu_options": null,
   "min_vcpu": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "sizes": [],
   "pool_tiers": null,
   "requires_always_on": false,
   "always_on_month_per_instance": null,
   "commit_note": null,
   "min_billed_seconds": null,
   "granularity_s": null,
   "start_fee": null,
   "boot_overhead_s": null,
   "multiplier": 1,
   "windows_vcpu_h": null,
   "gpu": {},
   "note": "Discount instruments applied to eligible PAYG compute; do not conflate with nonrefundable instance subscriptions.",
   "product_class": "vm"
  },
  {
   "key": "compute-amd",
   "label": "Enterprise AMD (c9a / u2a)",
   "flags": [],
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "regions": [
    "us"
   ],
   "min_billed_seconds": 120,
   "granularity_s": 1,
   "sizes": [
    {
     "name": "ecs.u2a-c1m2.large",
     "vcpu": 2,
     "ram_gib": 4,
     "hour": 0.059
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.u2a-c1m2.xlarge",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "hour": 0.1181
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.u2a-c1m2.2xlarge",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "hour": 0.2361
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9a.xlarge",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "hour": 0.131
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.c9a.2xlarge",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 16,
     "hour": 0.262
    }
   ],
   "note": "Dedicated (enterprise-level) vCPUs cheaper than c9i: u2a 4/8 $0.1181/h vs c9i $0.1463/h (Virginia, Linux, original price)."
  },
  {
   "key": "gpu",
   "label": "GPU VMs (gn6i/gn7i/gn8is)",
   "flags": [],
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "regions": [
    "us"
   ],
   "gpu_only": true,
   "min_billed_seconds": 120,
   "granularity_s": 1,
   "sizes": [
    {
     "name": "ecs.gn6i-c4g1.xlarge",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 15,
     "gpu": "T4",
     "gpu_count": 1,
     "hour": 1.118
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.gn7i-c8g1.2xlarge",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 30,
     "gpu": "A10",
     "gpu_count": 1,
     "hour": 2.344301
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.gn8is.2xlarge",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 64,
     "gpu": "L20",
     "gpu_count": 1,
     "hour": 2.257538
    },
    {
     "name": "ecs.gn6v-c8g1.2xlarge",
     "vcpu": 8,
     "ram_gib": 32,
     "gpu": "V100",
     "gpu_count": 1,
     "hour": 2.699
    }
   ],
   "note": "Virginia Linux PAYG original prices; GPU quota per family/region, new accounts likely need a quota request."
  },
  {
   "key": "arm-c8y",
   "label": "arm64 Yitian 710 (c8y)",
   "flags": [],
   "pricing": "sizes",
   "regions": [
    "us",
    "eu",
    "asia"
   ],
   "min_billed_seconds": 120,
   "granularity_s": 1,
   "sizes": [
    {
     "name": "ecs.c8y.xlarge",
     "vcpu": 4,
     "ram_gib": 8,
     "hour": 0.1097
    }
   ],
   "note": "US Silicon Valley price; Frankfurt $0.1312, Singapore $0.157. Not offered in Virginia."
  }
 ],
 "storage": {
  "included_disk_gib": 0,
  "disk_gib_month": 0.077015,
  "disk_billed_when_stopped": true,
  "snapshot_gib_month": 0.016,
  "paused_ram_billed": false,
  "archive_snapshot_gib_month": 0.008
 },
 "network": {
  "egress_free_gib": 200,
  "egress_gib": 0.074,
  "ipv4_month": 0,
  "ipv4_available": true,
  "idle_eip_hour": 0.005
 },
 "plans": [
  {
   "name": "Usage account",
   "fee": 0,
   "flags": [],
   "fee_is_credit": false,
   "included_usd": 0,
   "per_seat": 0,
   "concurrency": null,
   "max_session_h": null,
   "max_vcpu": null,
   "max_ram_gib": null,
   "sizes_allowed": null,
   "note": "Account quotas and stock availability must be checked before deploying 50 concurrent machines; no quota approval implied."
  }
 ],
 "free": {
  "monthly_credit": 0,
  "one_time_credit": 90
 },
 "features": {
  "linux": true,
  "windows": true,
  "macos": false,
  "arm64": true,
  "gpu": true,
  "gpu_types": [
   "T4",
   "A10",
   "V100",
   "L20"
  ],
  "snapshot": "fs",
  "pause_resume": true,
  "fork": true,
  "persistent_disk": true,
  "volumes": true,
  "auto_stop_idle": false,
  "max_session_h": null,
  "custom_image": true,
  "docker_inside": true,
  "nested_virt": true,
  "root": true,
  "systemd": true,
  "browser": false,
  "desktop": false,
  "computer_use": false,
  "code_interpreter": false,
  "agent_harnesses": false,
  "ssh": true,
  "public_ipv4": true,
  "inbound_https": false,
  "custom_domain": true,
  "raw_tcp_inbound": true,
  "egress_allowlist": true,
  "static_egress_ip": true,
  "private_network": true,
  "self_host": false,
  "byoc": false,
  "open_source": false,
  "regions": [
   "us",
   "eu",
   "asia",
   "other"
  ],
  "soc2": true,
  "hipaa": true,
  "sso": true,
  "lang_python": false,
  "lang_node": false,
  "lang_go": null,
  "lang_rust": null,
  "lang_java": null,
  "gpu_desktop": false,
  "credential_injection": null,
  "egress_http_rules": false,
  "wake_on_request": false,
  "live_resize": false,
  "fork_running": true,
  "memory_snapshot_fork": false,
  "webhooks": null,
  "scheduled_wakeups": null,
  "audit_logs": null,
  "eu_data_residency": true,
  "zero_data_retention": null,
  "scoped_api_keys": null,
  "spend_limits": null,
  "mcp_server": true,
  "snapshot_auto": false,
  "snapshot_on_demand": true,
  "harness_api": false,
  "egress_allowlist_level": "both",
  "ingress_rules": true,
  "guest_firewall": true,
  "secret_proxy": false,
  "volume_attach": true,
  "volume_shared": true,
  "isolation": "qemu-kvm",
  "image_oci": false,
  "anti_bot": false,
  "captcha_solving": false,
  "egress_ip_type": "datacenter",
  "own_agent_api": false,
  "max_session_unlimited": true,
  "usage_api": true
 },
 "perf": {
  "cpu_runs_s": null,
  "cold_start_ms": null,
  "burst_tti_ms": null,
  "dax_s": null
 },
 "knobs": [],
 "caveats": [
  "DIY infrastructure rather than an agent-managed sandbox: guest installation, HTTPS/domain setup, abuse controls and operations are customer responsibilities. Linux guest administrative capabilities are not preinstalled agent features. 30% guest CPU utilization does not reduce allocated-compute charges. Unknowns remain null; a partial subtotal is not a complete invoice.",
  "ECS economy 4/8 $0.0838/h; C9i 4/8 $0.1463/h. Monthly subscription $38.54/$76.67 respectively; not automatic caps.",
  "International USD catalog, Virginia region, Linux, disk/network excluded. Trade arrays include promotions; original-price arrays are the default source.",
  "ECS economical stop mode may stop vCPU/RAM/public-bandwidth charge, releases capacity/IP and restart may fail if stock exhausted. Ordinary stop can continue billing; disks/snapshots still cost.",
  "Public bandwidth can be bought per Mbps or transferred GB; no double addition. $0.076/GB Virginia source is ECS bandwidth catalog; CDT tiers may differ; 200GB free requires eligible CDT billing.",
  "EIP ownership/idle charges and backup prices remain unknown, not zero.",
  "The 2-minute minimum is per hourly billing cycle, so crossing an hour boundary can require more than one minimum; engine only implements per-start floor.",
  "Boot time not measured/published: a fresh ECS instance takes tens of seconds to boot (not billed as boot_overhead_s). DIY VM: no sandbox API.",
  "Snapshot storage price not re-verified (Alibaba snapshot billing pages 404 on 2026-09-28); snapshot_gib_month stays null.",
  "Savings plans: 1- or 3-year hourly spend commitment, up to 83% off PAYG (excludes spot); unused commitment is still billed each hour. Reserved instances up to 79% off.",
  "Region spread (Alibaba price feed, Linux PAYG): e-c1m2.xlarge 4/8 us-east-1 $0.0838, Frankfurt/London $0.0961, Silicon Valley $0.101, Singapore $0.106; c9i.xlarge us-east-1 $0.1463, Frankfurt $0.1653, London $0.173, Singapore $0.1676. Card modes are Virginia-only."
 ],
 "sources": [
  "https://www.alibabacloud.com/en/product/ecs/pricing",
  "https://g.alicdn.com/aliyun/ecs-price-info-intl/2.0.421/price/js_price/filter_price/instanceTypePrice_2.js",
  "https://g.alicdn.com/aliyun/ecs-price-info-intl/2.0.421/price/js_price/disk_price/diskPrice.js",
  "https://g.alicdn.com/aliyun/ecs-price-info-intl/2.0.421/price/js_price/bandwidth_price/bandWidthPrice.js",
  "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/pay-as-you-go-1",
  "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/economical-mode",
  "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/cdt/internet-data-transfers/"
 ],
 "fleet": {
  "default_max_instances": null,
  "default_max_vcpu": null,
  "default_max_gpus": null,
  "raise": "ticket",
  "raise_time_days": null,
  "verification": "Card (credit/debit) on file; identity (real-name) verification is only mandatory for Chinese-mainland regions; spot eligibility is gated by ECS usage history; quotas are per-region vCPU pools per family and billing method (PAYG/subscription/spot), raised in Quota Center.",
  "tiers": null,
  "notes": "Regional pay-as-you-go vCPU pools are split by instance family; use Quota Center or DescribeAccountAttributes for applied limits. No single numeric new-account quota verified. A submitted form is reviewed, not guaranteed auto-approved.",
  "sources": [
   "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/limitations",
   "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/eci/user-guide/faq"
  ],
  "researched": "2026-09-28"
 },
 "audit_2026_09_29": {
  "applied": 20,
  "source": "checked against the provider's live pricing and docs pages",
  "reviewed": 7
 },
 "feature_evidence": {
  "snapshot_auto": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/snapshots-overview",
   "quote": "Elastic Compute Service (ECS) instances do not automatically back up data stored on cloud disks.",
   "note": "Stop (incl. economical mode) only retains cloud disks; memory is released ('The instance's vCPUs, memory, GPUs, FPGAs, and system-assigned public IP address are released'). That is persistent_disk, not a checkpoint. Scheduled 'automatic snapshot policies' exist (periodic disk backups, not stop-triggered).",
   "checked": "2026-09-29"
  },
  "snapshot_on_demand": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/snapshots-overview",
   "quote": "To batch deploy or upgrade your business on multiple sites, you can create custom images based on snapshots and then create ECS instances from the images.",
   "note": "Per-cloud-disk snapshots (manual via console/API/CLI, snapshot-consistent groups across disks), rollback of disks, new disks and custom images from snapshots -> new instances. Disk only, no memory. Billed per GB of snapshot storage.",
   "checked": "2026-09-29"
  },
  "harness_api": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/en/product/ecs",
   "quote": "Alibaba Cloud Elastic Compute Service (ECS) provides fast memory and the latest CPUs to help you to power your cloud applications and achieve faster results with low latency.",
   "note": "Confirms prior card note: ECS is a plain IaaS VM with no first-party API to drive a coding agent harness inside the sandbox. Cloud Assistant is a generic remote-command-exec API, not a harness-driving API.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "egress_allowlist": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/security-group-rules",
   "quote": "Basic security groups allow inbound internal traffic from instances in the same group and allow all outbound traffic by default. Enterprise security groups deny both inbound and outbound traffic by default.",
   "note": "Security group outbound rules: destination CIDR/IP/security group/prefix list + port + protocol, Allow/Deny with priority (IP level, free). Domain level needs the separate paid Cloud Firewall: 'Configure an Internet Firewall access control policy to restrict an instance's outbound traffic to a specific domain name' (Destination Type: Domain Name) - https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/cloud-firewall/cloudfirewall/use-cases/configure-a-policy-to-allow-only-internet-facing-servers-to-access-a-specified-domain-name",
   "checked": "2026-09-29",
   "level": "both"
  },
  "ingress_rules": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/security-group-rules",
   "quote": "Define inbound and outbound access control rules for ECS instances in a security group.",
   "note": "Inbound rules: source IP/CIDR/security group/prefix list, destination port, protocol; instances can also be VPC-private with no public IP.",
   "checked": "2026-09-29"
  },
  "guest_firewall": {
   "value": true,
   "source": null,
   "quote": null,
   "note": "Full KVM VM with root and own kernel; iptables/nftables work in-guest.",
   "checked": "2026-09-29",
   "derived": true
  },
  "secret_proxy": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/en/product/ecs",
   "quote": "Alibaba Cloud Elastic Compute Service (ECS) provides fast memory and the latest CPUs to help you to power your cloud applications and achieve faster results with low latency.",
   "note": "No credential-injecting egress proxy exists for ECS; any secret must be delivered into the guest (env vars, user data, or fetched in-guest from KMS/Secrets Manager).",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "volume_attach": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/enable-multi-attach",
   "quote": "This step describes only how to attach a multi-attach disk to multiple instances. For other parameters, see Attach a data disk.",
   "note": "Cloud disks (ESSD etc.) attach as data disks beyond the system disk.",
   "checked": "2026-09-29"
  },
  "volume_shared": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/enable-multi-attach",
   "quote": "Attach an ESSD, ESSD AutoPL disk, or Regional ESSD to up to 16 NVMe-enabled instances in the same zone for concurrent read/write access, data sharing, and rapid failover.",
   "note": "Read-write multi-attach block (needs cluster FS). Also File Storage NAS (NFS): 'Mount a File Storage NAS Network File System (NFS) file system on a Linux ECS instance to allow multiple ECS instances to share and access its data.' (https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/nas/user-guide/mount-an-nfs-file-system-on-a-linux-ecs-instance), read-write.",
   "checked": "2026-09-29"
  },
  "isolation": {
   "value": "qemu-kvm",
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/instance-families",
   "quote": "ECS Bare Metal Instance ... Combines the strengths of physical machines and ECS instances using virtualization 2.0. Provides direct access to processor and memory resources without virtualization overhead.",
   "note": "Regular (non-bare-metal) ECS instance families run as full VMs on Alibaba's X-Dragon KVM-based hypervisor with hardware offload; the docs describe bare metal as the no-virtualization-overhead exception, implying standard families use hypervisor-based (KVM) virtualization. No single official page states 'KVM' verbatim for the general-purpose families, hence medium confidence.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "image_oci": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/image-overview",
   "quote": "Create an image: Capture an instance's current state or a snapshot as an image ... Import an image: Import images from on-premises devices or other cloud providers to migrate to Alibaba Cloud.",
   "note": "ECS custom images are whole-disk VM images (created from snapshots/instances, or imported raw/VHD/qcow2-style disk images), not OCI/Docker container images. There is no path to boot an ECS VM instance directly from a Docker/OCI image.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "anti_bot": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/product-overview/what-is-ecs",
   "quote": "Elastic Compute Service (ECS) is an IaaS cloud computing service that provides scalable, on-demand compute resources with high availability and security.",
   "note": "not offered: outside the product's scope",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "captcha_solving": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/product-overview/what-is-ecs",
   "quote": "Elastic Compute Service (ECS) is an IaaS cloud computing service that provides scalable, on-demand compute resources with high availability and security.",
   "note": "not offered: outside the product's scope",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "egress_ip_type": {
   "value": "datacenter",
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/en/product/ecs/pricing",
   "quote": "System-assigned public IP address ... Elastic IP address (EIP)",
   "note": "Alibaba Cloud-owned datacenter IP ranges (system-assigned public IP or EIP), not residential/mobile.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "fork_running": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/create-a-custom-image-from-an-instance",
   "quote": "(Optional) Stop the instance: For data consistency, stop the instance before creating the image.",
   "note": "Stopping the source instance is only recommended for data consistency, not required; a custom image (disk-only clone used to launch new instances) can be created while the source instance keeps running. No memory/process state is carried over (matches memory_snapshot_fork: false already on the card).",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "wake_on_request": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/economical-mode",
   "quote": "Uncertain startup (not 100% guaranteed) ... restarting an instance is equivalent to requesting new resources.",
   "note": "Stopped/economical-mode instances must be explicitly started via console/API/CLI (or a scheduled OOS task); there is no mechanism that wakes an instance automatically when an inbound network request arrives.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "auto_stop_idle": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/economical-mode",
   "quote": "Can I trigger economical mode from within the OS? No. Shutting down an instance from within its OS by using commands such as shutdown, poweroff, or halt, or by any other manual method, does not trigger economical mode.",
   "note": "Instances only stop when the customer stops them (console/API/CLI) or via a customer-configured OOS schedule (time-based, not idle-based); ECS itself has no automatic idle-detection stop.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "live_resize": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/overview-of-instance-configuration-changes",
   "quote": "Pay-as-you-go: Effective time — After the instance is restarted. Subscription: Effective time — After the instance is restarted.",
   "note": "Changing the instance type (vCPU/RAM) requires stopping (PAYG) or restarting (subscription) the instance; it cannot be done live on a running machine.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "own_agent_api": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/product-overview/what-is-ecs",
   "quote": "Elastic Compute Service (ECS) is an IaaS cloud computing service that provides scalable, on-demand compute resources with high availability and security.",
   "note": "not offered: outside the product's scope (plain IaaS VM, no first-party browser/computer-use/research agent)",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "mcp_server": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://github.com/aliyun/alibaba-cloud-ops-mcp-server",
   "quote": "Alibaba Cloud Ops MCP Server is a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server that provides seamless integration with Alibaba Cloud APIs, enabling AI assistants to operate resources on Alibaba Cloud, supporting ECS, Cloud Monitor, OOS, OSS, VPC, RDS and other widely used cloud products.",
   "note": "Official aliyun GitHub org repo; ECS Management feature list includes create/start/stop/reboot/delete instances, run commands, view instances/images/security groups.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "lang_python": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/image-overview",
   "quote": "Select an OS based on your technology stack, team expertise, and compliance requirements.",
   "note": "ECS public images are plain OS images (Linux distros/Windows); no first-party ECS SDK code-exec or guaranteed preinstalled Python runtime is documented — customers install their own stack (DIY VM, per card caveats).",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "lang_node": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/image-overview",
   "quote": "Select an OS based on your technology stack, team expertise, and compliance requirements.",
   "note": "Same as lang_python: bare OS images, no preinstalled Node.js runtime or first-party code-exec SDK documented for ECS.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "egress_http_rules": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/cloud-firewall/cloudfirewall/use-cases/configure-a-policy-to-allow-only-internet-facing-servers-to-access-a-specified-domain-name",
   "quote": "Configure an Internet Firewall access control policy to restrict an instance's outbound traffic to a specific domain name (Destination Type: Domain Name)",
   "note": "Outbound control is at IP/CIDR/security-group level (free, security groups) or domain-name level (paid Cloud Firewall); no documented HTTP method/path-level egress rule granularity.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "static_egress_ip": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/nat-gateway/latest/what-is-nat-gateway",
   "quote": "Use the SNAT feature of an Internet NAT Gateway to allow multiple ECS instances to share an EIP for internet access.",
   "note": "An Elastic IP (EIP) bound directly to an instance, or a NAT Gateway SNAT entry using a fixed EIP, gives a stable/static outbound IP.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "soc2": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/trust-center/compliance",
   "quote": "SOC 2 Report — Service Organization Controls - SOC 2 Type 2 Report",
   "note": null,
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "hipaa": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/trust-center/compliance",
   "quote": "HIPAA (United States) US — The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)",
   "note": "Listed among Alibaba Cloud's compliance attestations/certificates.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "sso": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ram/user-guide/sso-overview",
   "quote": "Alibaba Cloud supports single sign-on (SSO) through identity federation, allowing users from an external identity provider (IdP) to access Alibaba Cloud resources without separate RAM user credentials.",
   "note": "SAML-based identity federation SSO via RAM.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "max_session_h": {
   "value": "none",
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/economical-mode",
   "quote": "Restart speed ... Faster, because compute resources are not released.",
   "note": "ECS is a persistent VM: it runs until the customer stops/releases it (or an account issue like overdue payment), with no maximum-session time limit imposed by the provider.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "pause_resume": {
   "value": true,
   "corrected_from": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/hibernate-an-instance",
   "quote": "Hibernate an idle instance to preserve its memory state and resume running quickly, unlike a regular stop that restarts all applications. ... Pay-as-you-go instance: Billing depends on whether you select No Fees for Hibernated Instances. ... Compute resources (vCPUs and memory): Released. Billing stops.",
   "note": "ECS instance hibernation preserves memory/process state and can resume quickly; with 'No Fees for Hibernated Instances' selected, vCPU/RAM billing stops while hibernated (disks keep billing). Only available in US Silicon Valley and Germany Frankfurt regions, and only on instances created with hibernation enabled + an encrypted custom image. Card had this as false with no evidence.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "memory_snapshot_fork": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/hibernate-an-instance",
   "quote": "Instances with hibernation enabled do not support the following operations: Create custom images. Create disk snapshots.",
   "note": "Hibernation preserves memory for the SAME instance (pause_resume) but explicitly blocks creating a custom image/snapshot from a hibernated instance, so there is no first-party way to clone/fork a running machine including its memory state into new instances. No other ECS feature (snapshots, custom images) captures RAM. False confirmed.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "nested_virt": {
   "value": true,
   "corrected_from": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/elastic-bare-metal-server-overview",
   "quote": "ECS Bare Metal Instance is a compute product built on Alibaba Cloud's proprietary, next-generation virtualization technology. ... It also fully supports nested virtualization technology. ... Nested virtualization is enabled by default on ECS Bare Metal Instances.",
   "note": "ECS Bare Metal Instance (ebmc/ebmg/ebmr families) is part of the ECS product line and ships with nested virtualization enabled by default, so /dev/kvm-style nested VMs work. Not true on ordinary shared/dedicated vCPU ECS families, but the product as a whole (ECS) does offer it. Card had false with no evidence.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "desktop": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/overview-52",
   "quote": "An ECS instance is a virtual server with vCPUs, memory, OS, networking, and disks that you create, manage, and release through the console, API, or SDKs.",
   "note": "ECS is a plain IaaS VM; there is no first-party managed graphical desktop/VNC/stream feature bundled with an instance (Windows RDP is just the guest OS's own remote desktop, and Linux instances have no GUI by default) - outside this product's scope, which is Alibaba's separate Cloud Workspace (desktop-as-a-service) product.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "browser": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/en/product/ecs",
   "quote": "Alibaba Cloud Elastic Compute Service (ECS) provides fast memory and the latest CPUs to help you to power your cloud applications and achieve faster results with low latency.",
   "note": "ECS is a raw compute (virtual server) product; no first-party managed/real browser is provided with an instance. You would have to install one yourself inside the VM. Outside the product's scope.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "computer_use": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/en/product/ecs",
   "quote": "Alibaba Cloud Elastic Compute Service (ECS) provides fast memory and the latest CPUs to help you to power your cloud applications and achieve faster results with low latency.",
   "note": "No screenshot+click computer-use API of any kind ships with ECS; it is a bare IaaS VM product, not an agent/desktop-automation product.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "inbound_https": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/slb/application-load-balancer/redirect-http-requests-to-an-https-listener",
   "quote": "In the Configure Listener step, set Listener Protocol to HTTPS and Listener Port to 443. Click Next.In the Configure SSL Certificate step, select your server certificate and a TLS security policy.",
   "note": "ECS itself only gives raw public IPv4 + open TCP/UDP ports (security groups); there is no built-in managed HTTPS URL for an instance's ports. Getting an HTTPS endpoint requires provisioning a separate paid product (Server Load Balancer / ALB) and your own certificate, which is DIY infra, not an ECS feature.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "agent_harnesses": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/image-types",
   "quote": "Alibaba Cloud provides official, licensed public images with pre-configured OS environments for ECS instances, including Alibaba Cloud Linux, Windows Server, and various open source Linux distributions.",
   "note": "Public images are plain OS images (Alibaba Cloud Linux, Windows Server, Ubuntu, CentOS, Debian, etc.); none bundle coding-agent harnesses like Claude Code/Codex/OpenCode as templates.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "macos": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/image-types",
   "quote": "Windows systems: Windows Server ... Linux systems: Anolis OS, Ubuntu, CentOS, CentOS Stream, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Debian, OpenSUSE, SUSE Linux Enterprise Server, FreeBSD, CoreOS, Fedora CoreOS, Fedora, Rocky Linux, and AlmaLinux",
   "note": "Only Windows Server and various Linux distributions are offered as ECS public images; no macOS image/instance type exists (macOS requires Apple hardware, which ECS's x86/ARM KVM virtualization does not provide).",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "self_host": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/en/product/ecs",
   "quote": "Alibaba Cloud Elastic Compute Service (ECS) provides fast memory and the latest CPUs to help you to power your cloud applications and achieve faster results with low latency.",
   "note": "ECS is a proprietary hyperscaler cloud service running on Alibaba's own hardware/hypervisor (X-Dragon); it cannot be run on the customer's own infrastructure. Outside the product's scope.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "byoc": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/en/product/ecs",
   "quote": "Alibaba Cloud Elastic Compute Service (ECS) provides fast memory and the latest CPUs to help you to power your cloud applications and achieve faster results with low latency.",
   "note": "ECS is deployed only inside Alibaba Cloud's own regions/data centers; there is no managed-service-into-your-own-cloud-account (BYOC) offering for ECS. Outside the product's scope.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "open_source": {
   "value": false,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/elastic-bare-metal-server-overview",
   "quote": "ECS Bare Metal Instance is a compute product built on Alibaba Cloud's proprietary, next-generation virtualization technology.",
   "note": "ECS runs on Alibaba's proprietary X-Dragon virtualization stack; the ECS product/control-plane itself is closed-source, not released under an OSI license.",
   "checked": "2026-09-30"
  },
  "usage_api": {
   "value": true,
   "source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/user-center/instructions-for-using-the-bill",
   "quote": "Aggregation Item: Query billing details by billable item, instance, product, account, or cost center. The Bill Details page displays your spending information, including billable items, unit prices, usage, and deductions for resource plans.",
   "note": "granularity: per-sandbox; cost: yes; Alibaba Cloud Cost Explorer API (e.g., DescribeInstanceAmortizedCost) provides per-instance cost breakdown. Console shows costs aggregated by instance, with export options. Official API documentation for programmatic access exists but English docs partially unavailable.",
   "confidence": "medium",
   "checked": "2026-10-01"
  }
 },
 "locations": [
  {
   "country": "US",
   "state": "VA",
   "city": "Virginia",
   "provider_region": "us-east-1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "US",
   "state": "CA",
   "city": "Silicon Valley",
   "provider_region": "us-west-1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "DE",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Frankfurt",
   "provider_region": "eu-central-1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "GB",
   "state": null,
   "city": "London",
   "provider_region": "eu-west-1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "FR",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Paris",
   "provider_region": "eu-west-2",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "JP",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Tokyo",
   "provider_region": "ap-northeast-1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "KR",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Seoul",
   "provider_region": "ap-northeast-2",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "SG",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Singapore",
   "provider_region": "ap-southeast-1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "MY",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Kuala Lumpur",
   "provider_region": "ap-southeast-3",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "ID",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Jakarta",
   "provider_region": "ap-southeast-5",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "PH",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Manila",
   "provider_region": "ap-southeast-6",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "TH",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Bangkok",
   "provider_region": "ap-southeast-7",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "MY",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Johor",
   "provider_region": "ap-southeast-8",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "HK",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Hong Kong",
   "provider_region": "cn-hongkong",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "AE",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Dubai",
   "provider_region": "me-east-1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "SA",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Riyadh",
   "provider_region": "me-central-1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "MX",
   "state": null,
   "city": "Mexico City",
   "provider_region": "na-south-1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  },
  {
   "country": "BR",
   "state": null,
   "city": "São Paulo",
   "provider_region": "sa-east-1",
   "self_serve": true,
   "choosable": true
  }
 ],
 "locations_source": "https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/ecs/user-guide/regions-and-zones",
 "locations_quote": "Supported regions and availability zones: Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Japan, South Korea, US (Silicon Valley), US (Virginia), Germany (Frankfurt), UK (London), France (Paris), UAE (Dubai), Mexico, Brazil, and China (Hong Kong).",
 "locations_checked": "2026-10-01"
}